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for 05/15/2010
(last updated 7:30am EST 05/15/2010)
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• Readers’ share their day care woes, rave... Readers’ share their day care woes, raves
05/14/2010
From coping with smoking caregivers to financial hardships, Msnbc.com readers share their experiences and sometimes frustrating hunt for good child care. (2 h ago)
• Hospice may no longer mean halting treat... Hospice may no longer mean halting treatment
05/14/2010
The new health law could lead to a major change in Medicare policy that allows patients to get aggressive treatment and hospice care simultaneously. (3 h ago)
• Dementia can steal ability to discern fl... Dementia can steal ability to discern flavors
05/14/2010
People with dementia can lose their capacity to understand sights, sounds and words. And in some cases, the condition can also take away the meaning of flavors, a new study suggests. (3 h ago)
• Ground beef in schools this fall will be... Ground beef in schools this fall will be safer
05/14/2010
Students will be eating safer beef in school cafeterias when they return to school in the fall. (6 h ago)
• Depressed kids earn less when they grow ... Depressed kids earn less when they grow up
05/14/2010
Children with psychological disorders, such as depression, are less likely to marry and will earn less on average as adults than their mentally healthy counterparts, a new study suggests. (7 h ago)
• Small business lobby to go to court on h... Small business lobby to go to court on health law
05/14/2010
Attorneys general and governors for 20 states won't be alone in their legal challenge to President Barack Obama's health care overhaul. (8 h ago)
• How a ‘Biggest Loser’ keeps losing How a ‘Biggest Loser’ keeps losing
05/14/2010
Former “Biggest Loser” contestant Shay Sorrells was the heaviest female to ever appear on the show. She dropped 172 pounds, has continued to lose weight and is expected to return to the season finale for a new reveal. But what happens after the cameras are gone? (10 h ago)
• Low-quality child care can have lasting ... Low-quality child care can have lasting impact
05/14/2010
Washington Post: Low-quality care in the first few years of life can have a small but long-lasting impact on a child's learning and behavior, according to new results from the largest, most authoritative assessment of child rearing in the United States. (11 h ago)
• Walgreens backs off on plan to sell gene... Walgreens backs off on plan to sell genetic test
05/14/2010
Walgreens has announced that it's holding off on its plans to carry a personal genetic test kit it was to start selling Friday after learning that federal Food and Drug Administration was "unable to identify" that the kit had been approved by the agency. (13 h ago)
• Folic acid doesn’t cut risk of stroke, s... Folic acid doesn’t cut risk of stroke, study finds
05/13/2010
Studies have linked low blood levels of a chemical lowered by folic acid to reduced rates of stroke.  However, folic acid supplements don't seem to prevent strokes, research shows. (1 d ago)
• Needle error puts 50 people at risk in N... Needle error puts 50 people at risk in N.M.
05/13/2010
New Mexico medical school students failed to properly change needles on devices used for blood glucose testing, and now officials say a few dozen people might be at risk for contracting serious diseases. (1 d ago)
• Are we getting TMI about the food we ord... Are we getting TMI about the food we order?
05/13/2010
More restaurants, either by mandate or by choice, are bombarding diners with calorie counts, salt content and, in one case, the carbon footprint of a meal. But some experts are wondering if all that information is simply confusing people. (1 d ago)
• Warrior Games give hurt vets kinship, st... Warrior Games give hurt vets kinship, strength
05/13/2010
An Afghan insurgent's homemade bomb shattered Marc Esposito's lower legs, broke his back and knocked him cold for four days. But the Air Force staff sergeant says the worst part was being torn from his Special Operations teammates who stayed in the field after he was evacuated. (1 d ago)
• Being a ‘supertaster’ no piece of cake... Being a ‘supertaster’ no piece of cake
05/13/2010
Being a “supertaster” may sound like a foodie’s dream come true, but in reality, it’s no picnic. Forget coffee, tomatoes, vegggies and most sweets. And for supertasters, beer tastes like urine. (1 d ago)
• 12 ways to wipe years off your face 12 ways to wipe years off your face
05/13/2010
The most effective ways to wipe years off your face and increase elastin, fight free radicals and fade dark spots. (1 d ago)
• Tainted lettuce recall expands to Tennes... Tainted lettuce recall expands to Tennessee
05/12/2010
An outbreak of E. coli poisoning has expanded to Tennessee, where one more person has been sickened after eating romaine lettuce grown on an Arizona farm. (2 d ago)
• Don't like your diagnosis? Think about m... Don't like your diagnosis? Think about moving
05/12/2010
Doctors in some parts of the United States are more likely to tell Medicare patients they are sick than in other parts, researchers said in a finding that could explain regional differences in health spending. (2 d ago)
• FDA: Stop drinking your lotion, people! FDA: Stop drinking your lotion, people!
05/12/2010
Confused, itchy people are mistakenly drinking Benadryl skin gel, says the FDA, in some cases leading to numb lips, nausea and hallucinations. (2 d ago)
• NYT: Doubt cast on many food allergies NYT: Doubt cast on many food allergies
05/12/2010
Many who think they have food allergies actually do not, according to a new report commissioned by the federal government. (2 d ago)
• A mom’s voice is powerful medicine A mom’s voice is powerful medicine
05/12/2010
Next time you feel anxious and tense, like a knot of nerves, instead of scheduling a massage or some time in the sun, you might want to call your mom. (2 d ago)
Latest Health Headlines - CBS News Tagline: Read the latest Health headlines on CBS News, covering news stories, videos and pictures of world and US news, as well as news in politics, health, sports and business.
• Video: A Tale of Two Cities Video: A Tale of Two Cities
05/15/2010
CBS News' Cynthia Bowers reports from Chicago, where the crime rate has increased over the last year, while Jim Axelrod reports from Newark, N.J., which has witnessed a decrease in violence. (1 h ago)
• Video: Russell Simmons' Mission for Amer... Video: Russell Simmons' Mission for America's Youth
05/14/2010
Russell Simmons is more than a music and fashion mogul, he's also a noted philanthropist and spent time in Washington to help young entrepreneurs achieve success. (4 h ago)
• For Married Women, Age Gap Can Be Deadly For Married Women, Age Gap Can Be Deadly
05/14/2010
Study Finds, Unlike Men, Women Who Are Much Older (or Younger) Than Spouse Have Shorter Life Expectancy (7 h ago)
• Heinz Ketchup's New Recipe has Less Salt Heinz Ketchup's New Recipe has Less Salt
05/14/2010
Iconic Condiment Will Unveil New Ketchup This Summer with 15 Percent Less Sodium (10 h ago)
• Small Businesses Challenge Health Care L... Small Businesses Challenge Health Care Law
05/14/2010
Nation's Most Influential Small Business Lobby Joins Court Challenge, Says Americans Can't Be Forced into Coverage (17 h ago)
• Testing Your Genes, Right at the Drugsto... Testing Your Genes, Right at the Drugstore
05/13/2010
Personal Genetics Tests Can Determine Risks for Cancer and Diabetes, but Critics Worry What Patients Will Do with the News (1 d ago)
• Concerns Raised About Drugstore Genetic ... Concerns Raised About Drugstore Genetic Test
05/13/2010
FDA Is Looking Into Claims About New Genetic Test Kit; Walgreens Postpones Plans to Sell Over-the-Counter Test (1 d ago)
• Menus as Spreadsheets Might Deter Diners Menus as Spreadsheets Might Deter Diners
05/13/2010
Calorie Count, Salt Level, "Heart Healthy" Status, Carbon Footprint of Dishes Crowding Some Menus (1 d ago)
• How to Get Rid of Your "Shadow" How to Get Rid of Your "Shadow"
05/13/2010
Dr. Deepak Chopra, Debbie Ford, Marianne Williamson on Book "The Shadow Effect," Discuss How to Rid a Life of Darkness (1 d ago)
• Video: Learning From Your Dark Side Video: Learning From Your Dark Side
05/13/2010
Authors Deepak Chopra, Debbie Ford and Marianne Williamson discussed their new book about learning from our dark sides. (1 d ago)
• Video: Baby Talk with Mamas and Papas Video: Baby Talk with Mamas and Papas
05/13/2010
Maggie Rodriguez and Dr. Jennifer Ashton talk to parents and mothers to be about having babies. (1 d ago)
• Video: The Evolution Of Sex On The Pill Video: The Evolution Of Sex On The Pill
05/13/2010
What role has the birth control pill played in human sexuality? Dr. Jon LaPook looks at the evolution of sex as the pill turns 50. (1 d ago)
• E. Coli Lettuce Outbreak Spreads to Tenn... E. Coli Lettuce Outbreak Spreads to Tennessee
05/13/2010
CDC Confirms 23 Cases of Poisoning from Arizona Lettuce Farm, Tennessee is 4th State with Illness (1 d ago)
• Scientists Hope to Trigger Fat-Burning C... Scientists Hope to Trigger Fat-Burning Cells
05/12/2010
Testing on Mice Found 20% Weight Drops, Human Tests are Next (2 d ago)
• Expert: 3-D Games Can Help Ease Pain, An... Expert: 3-D Games Can Help Ease Pain, Anxiety
05/12/2010
Pain Expert Dr. Jeffery Gold Tells WebMD Immersive Virtual Reality Games Will Be a Key Tool in Treatment Programs (2 d ago)
• Kids' Food Allergies Often Misdiagnosed Kids' Food Allergies Often Misdiagnosed
05/12/2010
Though Allergies Can Be a Serious Problem, Review Finds that Lack of Clear Guidelines Leads to Overdiagnosis (2 d ago)
• Bill Gates Checks on Polio Progress in I... Bill Gates Checks on Polio Progress in India
05/12/2010
Microsoft Founder's Foundation has Committed Nearly $1 Billion to Eradicating Disease, Other Health Projects in Country (2 d ago)
• Video: Ashton on Biden's Son's Mild Stro... Video: Ashton on Biden's Son's Mild Stroke
05/12/2010
Dr. Jennifer Ashton discussed what doctors say was a mild stroke suffered by Beau Biden, the son of Vice President Joe Biden, and the treatment he's likely to undergo. (2 d ago)
Top Medical > Family Medicine News Articles Tagline: Read Top Medical > Family Medicine Headlines and Articles from http://www.familymedicineprnews.com
• Joliet Dentist Uses Practice Website To ... Joliet Dentist Uses Practice Website To Streamline Dental Care For Patients
05/15/2010
Joliet cosmetic and implant dentist, Dr. Samy Samaan, is now accepting appointment requests online via his recently launched practice website (1 h ago)
• Questions About Slip and Fall Accident L... Questions About Slip and Fall Accident Lawsuits
05/14/2010
For many people, slip and fall accidents and lawsuits are one of the best jokes for making fun of personal injury lawyers. But all laughing ends when you or someone you love has been seriously hurt in a slip and fall accident at a local store. (17 h ago)
• Revision Surgery for Breast Implants Revision Surgery for Breast Implants
05/14/2010
A ruptured or leaking implant should be replaced right away or it can cause serious health problems. (17 h ago)
• Jenny Kenoyer Honored by Cambridge Who's... Jenny Kenoyer Honored by Cambridge Who's Who for Excellence in Nursing and Senior Advocacy
05/13/2010
Jenny Kenoyer, retired nurse, builds a second career advocating for seniors' rights (1 d ago)
• Princeton NJ Psychiatrists Offer Two Spe... Princeton NJ Psychiatrists Offer Two Special Treatments for Children
05/13/2010
One of the premiere psychiatrists in Princeton, NJ, Dr. Yitzhak Shnaps, provides two special treatments for children. (1 d ago)
• Farah Rehman Lokey, MD Honored for Excel... Farah Rehman Lokey, MD Honored for Excellence in Pediatric Medicine
05/13/2010
Farah Rehman Lokey, MD celebrates fifth year with East Valley Pediatrics (1 d ago)
• Potential Causes of Birth Injuries Potential Causes of Birth Injuries
05/13/2010
Medical malpractice is the leading cause of birth injuries in our country today. (1 d ago)
• Pruhealth Policyholders Sign Up to Local... Pruhealth Policyholders Sign Up to Local Hospital List
05/13/2010
PruHealth launched its new local hospital list in January 2010 and has since seen 40 per cent of new individual policyholders signing up to this list. (1 d ago)
• Omaha Dentist Finds New Ways To Educate ... Omaha Dentist Finds New Ways To Educate Patients About Dental Health
05/13/2010
Leading general and cosmetic dentist in Omaha has added a new patient education library and educational dental videos to the practice's website in order to keep patients informed about good oral health. (1 d ago)
NHS Choices: Behind the headlines Tagline: RSS Feed for NHS Choices News pages
• Stem cell based 'deafness cure' Stem cell based 'deafness cure'
05/14/2010
A “‘cure’ for deafness has been found”, according to the Daily Express . It said that scientists have used stem cell technology to recreate the sensitive “hair cells” that are vital for hearing. These cells are found in the inner ear and do not grow back if damaged, which can result in permanent hearing loss. The story is based on laboratory research in which researchers succeeded in manipulating mouse stem cells into cells that resembled sensory hair cells. These cells resembled sensory hair cells in shape and their ability to respond to movement. This innovative research may have short-term practical use in that its methods can be reproduced to create more hair-cell-like stem cells that can be used to further our understanding of their biology. There is also potential for using them to screen drugs that may affect sensory hair cells. However, a stem-cell-based treatment strategy for hearing and balance disorders is a long way off.   Where did the story come from? The study was carried out by researchers from Stanford University School of Medicine. The research was funded by the US National Institutes of Health, the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine and the McKnight Endowment Fund for Neuroscience. The study was published in the (peer-reviewed) scientific journal Cell . The research was generally well reported, though calling it a “cure for deafness”, as some newspapers have, is overstating its impact, considering its very preliminary nature.   What kind of research was this? This laboratory study aimed to use mouse stem cells to create hair cells, which are specialised cells in the inner ear that are crucial for hearing and balance. These cells do not grow back if they are damaged and their destruction can lead to permanent hearing loss or balance disorders. The researchers took stem cells from a mouse embryo and, by adding various biological chemical growth factors in several stages, induced them to develop the characteristics of the highly specialised hair cells. They then looked at how similar their cells were to sensory hair cells. This is innovative research, and being able to direct the development of cells in culture to create cells with similar features to sensory hair cells is a major achievement. However, this is a laboratory study, and any implications for treatment of human hearing loss or balance disorders are a long way off.   What did the research involve? To create the laboratory-grown hair cell–like stem cells, the researchers used both mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs), which are adult cells that have been genetically reprogrammed to resemble embryonic stem cells. Pluripotent stem cells can develop into different types of cells depending on the type of biological chemical (growth factor) that they are exposed to. Using different growth factors, the researchers manipulated these stem cells through the different stages of development that would occur naturally in the womb. The cells passed through states in which they would have developed into tissues and structures such as skin and nerve cells, into ear cells and finally into a form that resembled sensory hair cells. To test whether the cells that they had manipulated were like sensory hair cells, the researchers measured levels of certain proteins that are characteristically present in hair cells. Sensory hair cells also have a very specialised shape and protein structure that allows them to detect movement. The researchers looked at the effect of different combinations of growth factors on the production of a protein called myosin VIIa, which is necessary for hair cell function. They used an electron microscope to look at the shape of the cells. The cells’ ability to detect movement was then tested using a device that agitated the liquid the cells were grown in. The electrical activity of the cells was then recorded.   What were the basic results? Different combinations of growth factors were found to have different effects on the cells. The growth factors Dkk1, SIS3 and IGF-1 were needed to cause the cells to develop into sensory hair–like cells that produced the protein myosin VIIa. Furthermore, these cells had structures on their surface that looked similar to the hair bundles found on sensory hair cells. The test of the cells’ ability to detect movement showed that 24 out of 45 cells responded to movement by changing their electrical activity. The researchers say that the type of activity measured was similar to that from immature sensory hair cells in the ear.   How did the researchers interpret the results? The researchers say that naturally grown hair cells are difficult to obtain in large numbers and therefore largely unexplored. They say the method they have used here can be used as guidance for creating more hair-cell-like cells for further study of the biology of these cells. They say that their success in creating hair-cell-like cells that resemble and behave similarly to sensory hair cells shows that “generation of replacement hair cells from pluripotent stem cells is feasible, a finding that justifies the development of stem-cell-based treatment strategies for hearing and balance disorders”.   Conclusion This laboratory study developed a way of manipulating mouse embryonic stem cells to develop into cells that were similar to sensory hair cells. The cells appeared to resemble sensory hair cells in shape and their ability to respond to movement. This innovative research may have short-term practical use in that its methods can be reproduced to create more hair-cell-like stem cells. These can be used to further our understanding of the biology of this specialised cell type. There is also potential for using these cells to screen drugs that may affect sensory hair cells. However, a stem-cell-based treatment strategy for hearing and balance disorders is a long way off. Links To The Headlines Deafness cure breakthrough as scientists create tiny ear hairs from stem cells.  Daily Mail, May 14 2010 Good vibrations: calls grown from mice offer hope of deafness cure.  The Times, May 14 2010 ‘Cure for deafness found.  Daily Express, May 14 2010 Links To Science Oshima K, Shin K, Diensthuber M, et al.  Mechanosensitive Hair Cell-like Cells from Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cell 2010;  141: 704-716 (10 h ago)
• Vital window for stroke drug Vital window for stroke drug
05/14/2010
Taking the clot-busting drug alteplase within 90 minutes of a stroke “gives patients more than double the chance of full recovery”, said the Daily Mail. This news is based on well-conducted research that analysed data on the drug, which is injected to break up blood clots. Although it is already known that quicker treatment leads to better outcomes, the study determined that the drug still showed benefits if used within four and a half hours of a stroke. After this time, however, the risks of side effects may outweigh the benefits. Alteplase is not suitable for everyone and, as recommended by NICE, it can only be given for strokes caused by clots, and be given by experienced staff with appropriate scanning equipment. With all cases of stroke, rapid assessment and treatment is essential to achieve the best outcome. See  Stroke: Act F.A.S.T.  to learn the important warning signs that could save vital minutes.   Where did the story come from? The study was carried out by researchers from the University of Glasgow, and collaborators from various academic institutions. The research was undertaken without outside funding. The study was published in the peer-reviewed medical journal, The Lancet. This research was generally covered well by the Daily Mail and Daily Telegraph. The newspapers highlighted that treatment given within 90 minutes was the most effective. Even though alteplase treatment is more effective when given quickly, it is important to emphasise that it is still effective up to four and a half hours after the onset of stroke. A particularly good inclusion in the Daily Mail article was a clear explanation of the symptoms of stroke. It is very important that people are familiar with these signs so that they can call an ambulance if they suspect that someone is having a stoke.   What kind of research was this? Strokes that are caused by blood clots (ischaemic stroke) can be treated with a drug called alteplase  which breaks up the clot. This allows blood flow to be restored, enabling the tissue to receive oxygen and limiting further damage. Doctors usually aim to give this treatment as soon as possible after the onset of stroke symptoms to limit the time that the brain is starved of oxygen. The current study looked at pooled data from clinical trials for this drug to determine when is the best time to treat patients following a stroke. This analysis included two new trials that had not been included in previous analyses. All of the trials included in the pooled analysis were randomised controlled trials, the best design for looking at the effect of a drug. However, an inherent problem with doing pooled analysis is that each study may differ in terms of the study participants’ characteristics or the treatments that they received. The researchers therefore have to assess whether the data from various trials are in fact comparable. This research was not a formal systematic review, so it should not be assumed that it includes all relevant trials of the use of alteplase in stroke treatment.   What did the research involve? The researchers re-analysed the data from eight randomised placebo controlled trials looking at the use of alteplase for stroke. The patients were included if it was clear what time they had their stroke and received a CT scan (or MRI scan) to rule out a haemorrhagic stroke (a stroke caused by a bleed in the brain rather than a blockage). The researchers could then measure the time from stroke onset to the time of treatment. A number of the trials differed in which patients they considered to be eligible participants. Some trials excluded people who were at a higher risk of bleeding, or already had a large degree of brain damage according to the CT scan. Also, different trials focused on strokes of varying severity. The patients were given a dose of the drug through an intravenous injection over one hour. In seven of the trials, the patients were given a dose of 0.9 mg per kilo of bodyweight, while in one trial patients were given 1.1 mg/kg. The patient’s post-stroke disability was measured using three disability assessment scales, which were given up to three months after their stroke. The researchers also recorded how many people had died and how many people had experienced a brain bleed (which is a possible side effect of this treatment).   What were the basic results? The researchers analysed the data from 3,670 patients. The average age of the patients was 68 years, and the average onset-to-treatment time was 240 minutes (interquartile range 180 to 284). If patients received alteplase within 90 minutes, their chance of having no disability was 2.55 times greater than those given a placebo (odds ratio [OR] 2.55, 95% CI 1.44 to 4.52). With increased time, the benefits of the drug treatment were lower, and if they received alteplase between one and a half to three hours after their stroke there was a 64% increased chance of having no disability compared to those who received placebo (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.40).   The researchers performed a statistical analysis to look for characteristics in the patients that may have contributed to how well they would respond to treatment. They found that the onset-to-treatment time, the person’s age, the degree of the patient’s impairment when they arrived at hospital, blood pressure and previous high blood pressure all affected how well the patient would respond to alteplase (in terms of subsequent disability). They then devised a statistical model that adjusted for all of these factors. Using this model, they found that the benefit of treatment with alteplase decreased as onset-to-treatment time increased. There was no benefit from the drug if treatment commenced after around 270 minutes. There was no difference in the number of patients who had received placebo or alteplase who died following their stroke (11.8% of patients who received placebo and 13.6% of patients who received alteplase treated within six hours). However, when the researchers compared the onset-to-treatment time, patients who received alteplase after 270 minutes had an increased risk of death compared to patients who had received the drug earlier after their stroke. They found that 5.2% of patients who received alteplase had a subsequent brain bleed compared to 1% of the control patients. This corresponded to a five-fold increased risk in the alteplase group (odds ratio 5.37, 95% CI 3.22 to 8.95, p<0.0001).   How did the researchers interpret the results? The researchers said that by including data from recent clinical trials, they had more data to analyse how a delay in receiving alteplase affected the outcome of patients with stroke. This allowed them to look at not only the benefits but also the risks in relation to treatment delay. They say that “this updated pooled analysis shows that treatment with thrombolysis until 4.5 hours from stroke onset enhances the chance of favourable outcome”. “Serious haemorrhage rates are independent of onset to time of treatment, but mortality increases with onset to time of treatment longer than 4.5 hours. However, across the time window studied, our analysis showed that the greatest benefit comes from earlier treatment, since net benefit is diminishing and is undetectable in our sample beyond 4.5 hours,” they added.   Conclusion This study used a pooled analysis of randomised controlled trials to look at how a delay in treatment with alteplase can affect the outcome and risk of death following stroke. As they had pooled data from randomised controlled trials, the quality of the data is likely to be good. Where there were differences between some of the trials (i.e. patient and stroke characteristics) the researchers appear to have considered these differences adequately. Alteplase is not suitable for all people and, as outlined by NICE guidance, can only be administered by experienced staff to people who have definite non-haemorrhagic stroke, have no increased bleeding risk, and where immediate and repeat brain imaging is readily available. With all cases of stroke, rapid assessment and treatment is essential to achieve the best outcome. This study highlights the need for a rapid medical response if someone has a stroke. It is important to recognise the signs that someone is having a stroke: Face. The face may have fallen on one side, the person may not be able to smile, or their mouth or eye may have drooped. Arms. The person with suspected stroke may not be able to raise both arms and keep them there because of arm weakness or numbness. Speech. There may be slurred speech. These symptoms may vary from person to person, but they usually begin suddenly. If you suspect that you or someone else is having a stroke, you must phone 999 immediately and ask for an ambulance. Links To The Headlines Stroke patients who receive treatment within 90 minutes have 'better chance of recovery' . The Daily Telegraph, May 14 2010 Stroke victims have 'three-hour window' to take clot-busting drug to boost chance of full recovery . Daily Mail, May 14 2010 Links To Science Lees KR, Bluhmki E, von Kummer R et al. Time to treatment with intravenous alteplase and outcome in stroke: an updated pooled analysis of ECASS, ATLANTIS, NINDS, and EPITHET trials . The Lancet, Volume 375, Issue 9727, Pages 1695 - 1703, 15 May 2010 (12 h ago)
• Mental health in the armed forces Mental health in the armed forces
05/13/2010
“Medical services face a tidal wave of servicemen suffering from mental trauma as a result of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan”, reported The Daily Telegraph . Other newspapers reporting the same study said that alcohol abuse is a bigger problem. This news is based on a survey of nearly 10,000 personnel in the UK armed forces, which looked at whether being deployed in Iraq or Afghanistan affects mental health. In contradiction to the Telegraph’s report, this study actually found that rates of probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are lower than might be expected. However, it did find that regular soldiers were at a significantly higher risk of alcohol misuse. Overall, the prevalence of mental health problems in the armed forces remained stable between 2003 and 2009 despite increasing deployment in foreign combat zones. Though the low rates of PTSD are reassuring, the high-rates of alcohol misuse are more cause for concern. The researchers say that new alcohol policies have recently been introduced by all three services, but their effects have yet to be assessed. They suggest that any reduction in alcohol misuse among UK troops will need a fundamental change in attitudes, since within British military culture alcohol is seen as “aiding social interaction and unit cohesion”.   Where did the story come from? The study was carried out by researchers at the Academic Centre for Defence Mental Health and the King’s Centre for Military Health Research and Biostatistics, and the Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London. It was funded by the UK Ministry of Defence and published in the  peer-reviewed journal The Lancet. The coverage of the story in the media was generally fair, with most correctly reporting that alcohol is a problem for troops returning from combat zones. The BBC pointed out that mental trauma rates have remained low. However, the Telegraph’s headline about a “tidal wave” of mental trauma was taken from some predictions of a “so-called tidal wave” discussed in the study, rather than its actual findings.   What kind of research was this? This large  cohort study assessed the effects of deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan on the mental health of the UK armed forces from 2003 to 2009. It follows a previous study by the same researchers, published in 2006, which looked at the health of UK military personnel deployed in the Iraq war. The earlier study found that involvement in Iraq did not affect the mental health of regulars, although reservists (individuals, usually with civilian jobs, who are occasionally paid to undertake military duties) suffered higher rates of depression and anxiety than regular troops. For the new study, researchers re-assessed the mental health of those who were in the earlier study, and they included two additional groups – those who joined the military since 2003 and those deployed to Afghanistan between April 2006 and April 2007. Using randomly selected samples from all three groups, they looked at how deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan affected mental health. They also looked at the effect of multiple deployments, and whether these effects increased or diminished over time after returning from a tour of duty.   What did the research involve? Researchers identified 17,812 potential study participants in the Royal Navy, the British Army and the Royal Air Force, using information provided by the MoD. Steps were taken to ensure that this sample was representative of the entire UK military in terms of age, rank distribution and type of engagement. Potential participants were sent questionnaires and a letter explaining the study. Those who did not respond were also visited by researchers who went to more than 100 military units across the UK, Germany and Cyprus. Further steps were taken to trace people who did not respond to a second mailing. The questionnaire asked about people’s age, sex, marital status and education. It also asked about their service history, life since leaving the services, their most recent deployment experiences in Iraq and Afghanistan, and their mental and physical health. The deployment sections included questions about the kind of roles people had during deployment, the welfare support they had received, difficulties their families might have had, and adjusting to being back at home. They were also asked about their military experiences, for example, encountering sniper fire or seeing personnel wounded or killed. Participants were also asked to rate their own general and mental health and alcohol use, with questions based on well-known health questionnaires and checklists. Researchers combined the samples from all three groups given a questionnaire, and analysed the association between deployment experiences and mental health.   What were the basic results? Of those sent the questionnaire, 9,990 (56%) participants completed the study questionnaire (83% of these were regulars rather than reservists). The main findings were: Probable post-traumatic stress disorder was reported by 376 people, 4% of the total sample (95%  confidence interval [CI] 3.5 to 4.5). Reportedly, 19.7% had experienced other common mental disorders (95% CI 18.7 to 20.6). Alcohol misuse was reported by 1,323 people, 13.0% (95%CI 12.2 to 13.8). Regulars deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan were significantly more likely to report alcohol misuse than those not deployed. Reservists were more likely to report probable post-traumatic stress disorder than those not deployed. Regular personnel in combat roles were more likely than were those in support roles to report probable post-traumatic stress disorder. There was no association with number of deployments for any outcome.   How did the researchers interpret the results? The researchers say that the symptoms of common mental disorders and alcohol misuse remain the most frequently reported mental disorders among UK armed forces personnel. They note that the prevalence of probable post-traumatic stress disorder was low, and they call for continued health surveillance of UK military personnel.   Conclusion This is a well-conducted survey using established methods that were clearly described in detail. There are several points to note about this survey: The researchers admit that only a limited number of people who were invited were willing to participate in the survey. They say that younger people and those of lower rank were less likely to take part. As this could have potentially skewed the results, the researchers say they used standard statistical techniques to take this imbalance into account. They say that the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder is often overestimated based on self-reported questions compared with clinical interviews. As such, even the low prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder reported here is likely to be an overestimate. One reassuring finding of this study is that rates of probable post-traumatic stress disorder are lower than might be expected. The high-rates of alcohol misuse is more cause for concern. The researchers say this is perhaps unsurprising given the predominance of young men in the military. Yet even when this factor was taken into account, levels of alcohol misuse overall were substantially higher than in the general population. The researchers say that new alcohol policies have recently been introduced by all three services, but their effects have yet to be assessed. They suggest that any reduction in alcohol misuse among UK troops will need a fundamental change in attitudes, since within British military culture alcohol is seen as “aiding social interaction and unit cohesion”. Links To The Headlines Medical journal warns of 'tidal wave' of mental trauma among servicemen.   The Daily Telegraph, May 13 2010 UK troops in war zones 22% more likely to misuse alcohol than colleagues.   The Guardian, May 13 2010 Alcohol ‘more of a problem for returning troops than stress disorder’.   The Times , May 13 2010 One in seven soldiers blot out the horror of war with alcohol.   Daily Mail , May 13 2010 Alcohol a problem for war veterans, study finds.   The Independent , May 13 2010 Mental trauma 'not rife among UK troops'.  BBC News, May 13 2010 Links To Science The mental health of UK military personnel revisited.   The Lancet 2010, Early Online Publication, May 13 Fear NT, Jones M, Murphy D, et al .  What are the consequences of deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan on the mental health of the UK armed forces? A cohort study. The Lancet 2010, Early Online Publication, May 13 Lewis G. Mental health of UK  Afghan and Iraq veterans. The Lancet 2010, Early Online Publication, May 13Original Text  (1 d ago)
• Pollution 'reduces IVF success' Pollution 'reduces IVF success'
05/13/2010
Air pollution “can stop women getting pregnant through IVF”, reports The Daily Telegraph. It says that new research shows a link between air pollutants, particularly nitrogen dioxide, and an increased risk of failed IVF attempts. This was a seven-year study of about 7,500 women undergoing IVF treatment in the US. Researchers worked out daily pollution concentrations in each patient’s postcode, and estimated the average nitrogen dioxide concentrations at their home and fertility clinic at various stages throughout treatment. The researchers estimated that for each extra unit of nitrogen dioxide, the odds of conceiving were cut by somewhere between 13 and 24%. This research does not conclusively show that pollution reduces fertility, particularly as smoking rates and women’s direct exposure to pollution were not measured. Further research will need to clearly isolate the effect that air pollution has on reproduction.   Where did the story come from? The study was carried out by researchers at Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. It was funded in part by a grant with the Pennsylvania Department of Health using Tobacco Settlement Funds. The study was published in the  peer-reviewed medical journal Human Reproduction. Other news sources have reported the same study. Some, for example The Sun , implied that there is a direct cause and effect relationship in which polluted air directly stops IVF babies from being conceived. It is important to remember that while this research has found a link, it does not prove causation. The Daily Mail has also said that fumes could cut chances of conceiving by 25% - the highest value from among a range of results.   What kind of research was this? This observational study was designed to see whether air pollution or poor air quality during in vitro fertilization (IVF) was linked to an adverse rate of live births. The researchers gathered data from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s air quality monitors. They used it to estimate the average daily concentrations of several pollutants at the addresses of 7,403 females undergoing their first cycle of IVF treatment. They also used the data to estimate pollutants at the IVF labs these women went to. The link between these levels of pollution and a range of pregnancy outcomes was then tested statistically. As with all observational studies, it is important to take into account other factors that are also known to affect pregnancy outcomes, such as socio-economic status and smoking. Although the study was well-conducted and confirms the results of other research on the topic, air quality was not directly measured at people’s homes or at the clinic. The authors note that in particular they did not adjust for the effect of smoking (well known to reduce the chance of conceiving), the diagnosed reason for infertility or prior IVF cycles in other centres.   What did the research involve? The researchers explain that there have been few published studies looking into the effects of air quality on human reproduction outcomes, such as live birth rates. However, the small body of research on the matter suggests that air pollution is linked to impaired reproduction in humans, including birth defects and low birth weight. In this study the researchers set about assessing the pregnancy outcomes of 7,403 female patients undergoing their first cycle of IVF in one of three US clinics: Penn State College of Medicine in Hershey, Shady Grove Fertility in Rockville and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. Data from all patients treated at these clinics was available, but the researchers only evaluated the first IVF cycle results per woman to avoid the problematic adjustments needed to analyse for multiple cycles in the same individual. The identifying information was removed from the data supplied to the researchers in order to protect the patients’ privacy. The zip codes (US equivalent of postcodes) were obtained for each woman and converted to coordinates (latitudes; longitudes). All the recorded data from air pollutant monitors during the study period (2000 to 2007) was used to calculate a location-specific average concentration of pollutants for each date (measured as parts per million – ppm). Pollution levels near the IVF clinics were calculated in the same way. Pollution levels were measure in terms of: particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) small enough to be breathed into the lungs particulate matter smaller than 10 micrometers (PM10), coarser dust small enough to be breathed into the chest but not get deep into the lungs sulphur dioxide nitrogen dioxide ozone They calculated the average daily air quality for five time periods and places: At the patient’s home from the date the woman started medication to when the eggs were removed. At the patient’s home from the time of egg retrieval until the date the embryo was transferred. At the IVF clinic from egg retrieval until embryo transfer. At the patient’s home from embryo transfer until pregnancy test. At the patient’s home from embryo transfer until the end of pregnancy. They also calculated the air quality on the day of egg retrieval and fertilization at the IVF clinic. The analysis was adjusted for the patient’s age, IVF clinic location and the year and season of egg retrieval. The researchers did not correct for current or past smoking (which was not recorded in their database). Nor did they correct for prior IVF cycles in other centres, diagnosed reason for infertility or socio-economic factors.   What were the basic results? On average, the women were aged 35 years and had 2.4 embryos transferred. Among the whole group starting an IVF cycle, 51% became pregnant with a positive pregnancy test, 44% had an intrauterine pregnancy (i.e. confirmed with ultrasound) and 36% went on to give birth to a live baby. Increases in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration were significantly associated with a lower chance of pregnancy and live birth during all phases of an IVF cycle, from start of medication to pregnancy test. This affect applied to NO2 levels at both the patient’s address and at their IVF lab. The size of the effect equated to a 0.001 ppm increase in NO2, resulting in a 24% decrease in the chance of successful live birth. [ Odds Ratio 0.76, 95%  confidence interval [CI] 0.66 to 0.86. Other odds ratios for the different stages of pregnancy and outcomes suggested less of an effect or were not significant. No associations were noted with sulphur dioxide or larger particulate matter (PM10).   How did the researchers interpret the results? The researchers say that the effects of declining air quality on reproductive outcomes after IVF are complex. They say that increased NO2 is consistently associated with lower live birth rates. They acknowledge that the findings are limited by the lack of direct measure of pollutants at homes and lab sites.   Conclusion This is a well-conducted study, but it has several limitations based on the difficulty of undertaking this sort of study, and the complexity of the subject. The authors note that: Though similar IVF cycle protocols were used in the clinics, they were not identical. This may have partly contributed to the different success rates (rather than this being due to differences in air quality). The lack of data on other pollutants and factors, particularly whether the patient or partner smoked, means that they could not adjust for this important determinant of pregnancy outcome. Although a large number of women were assessed, it is possible that with a larger sample size significant associations with other pollutants, such as SO2 and PM10 particles, might have been shown. Overall, this study presents a plausible scientific theory but one that is hard to research in practice due the scale and complexity of measuring individuals’ true exposure to pollution. The research supports the idea of a link but, ideally, future research will clarify the relationship by directly measuring pollution exposure rather than using estimates of local pollution. Future research should also take into account the important role that smoking plays, as this was not assessed. Further study is required to test this plausible theory because the air quality was not actually measured at clinics or homes, and smoking and other important factors were not recorded in this one. Links To The Headlines Traffic fumes risk to IVF couples as living by road could cut chances of conceiving by 25% . Daily Mail , May 13 2010 Polluted air stops IVF babies . The Sun , May 13 2010 Air pollution 'can stop woman getting pregnant through IVF' . The Daily Telegraph , May 13 2010 Links To Science Legro RS, Sauer MV, Mottla GL, et al . Effect of air quality on assisted human reproduction . Human Reproduction 2010, [published online on March 13] (1 d ago)
• Corrective eye surgery reviewed Corrective eye surgery reviewed
05/12/2010
“A new method of correcting short sight could be better and safer than laser eye surgery,” The Independent reported. This news story is based on a  systematic review of studies comparing laser eye surgery to phakic intraocular lenses, which are surgically implanted lenses in the eye that work similarly to contact lenses. The two techniques were found to be equally successful, both resulting in similar proportions of people with 20/20 vision a year after surgery. Those given phakic lenses were also less likely to have diminished ‘best spectacle corrected visual acuity’ (BSCVA), an important safety standard in eye surgery. The main drawback of this review is the limited amount of research currently available. Only three trials treating 228 eyes were included. This reduces its statistical power for detecting differences between the treatments. This is a well-conducted review, but the question of which treatment is the safest and most effective will need to be established in further, longer-term trials.   Where did the story come from? This research was a Cochrane Review written by clinicians from the Moorfield Eye Hospital in London, and published in The Cochrane Library. The news stories have accurately reflected these research findings, but have not considered the limitations surrounding the small body of evidence that is currently available.   What kind of research was this? This was a  systematic review of the two main forms of corrective surgery for moderate to severe short-sightedness (myopia). Myopia is a problem of vision that causes distant objects to appear blurred, while close objects can still be seen clearly. This is because light rays are focusing in front of the retina (the back of the eye), rather than directly on the retina, which is necessary to produce a clear image. Myopia occurs when the eye is too long from front to back, or the cornea (the front of the eye) is too steeply curved. As a result, there is a mismatch between the length of the eye and its focusing power. The two compared techniques were excimer laser refractive surgery and phakic intraocular lenses (IOLs), which work in slightly different ways. Laser surgery alters the cornea, which reduces its refractive power (ability to bend light). This enables visual images to reach the back of the retina. Phakic lenses are surgically implanted either in front of the iris (the coloured part of the eye) or just behind it. This extra lens works by spreading out light rays so that they do not fall short of the retina, similar to the way a contact lens or a pair of glasses would. A systematic review of  randomised controlled trials (RCT)  is the most reliable way of assessing the efficacy and safety of treatments. However, when combining findings from different trials, there is usually some unavoidable limitation due to the differences in methods between the trials.   What did the research involve? The researchers carried out an extensive search of medical and scientific databases to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that had compared laser surgery with phakic lenses. To be eligible, trials had to have been in adults between the ages of 21 and 60 with moderate to severe myopia of more than -6.0 diopters (a measure of how well the eye’s lens can focus) and who had no eye disease or other reason for short-sightedness (e.g. cataracts). The main outcome of interest was the percentage of people who had 20/20 vision or better after 12 months after surgery. Various other secondary outcomes were considered, including the percentage of eyes that were within a 0.5 to 1.0 target diopter at 6 or 12 months. The researchers were also interested in the incidence of complications, ranging from minor (glare, dry eyes) to severe (significant permanent visual loss that got worse after treatment). The two authors independently assessed the studies for quality and eligibility.   What were the basic results? The researchers identified three eligible studies in a total of 132 patients and 228 eyes. Myopia ranged from moderate to severe (-6.0 to -20.0 diopters), and included up to 4.0 diopters of astigmatism (when the eye is not the usual symmetrical spherical shape but is longer in one direction than the other, causing extra focusing problems). All patients had stable vision without deterioration in the 12 months before the trial. Two studies compared LASIK laser surgery (laser assisted stromal in-situ keratomileusis) with phakic lenses (the standard lens). One study compared PRK laser surgery (photorefractive keratectomy) with a different type of lens implant - a toric lens (which has the additional power to correct astigmatism). In total, 166 eyes provided data for the primary outcome of the percentage of eyes with 20/20 vision or better at 12 months after surgery (i.e. only two of the three studies looked at the primary outcome). Both techniques had the same success rate, and there was no difference in the proportion who achieved this outcome with laser compared to phakic lenses (odds ratio 1.33, 95%  confidence interval [CI] 0.08 to 22.55). Phakic lens surgery had fewer side effects than laser surgery in that fewer people lost their ‘best spectacle corrected visual acuity’ (BSCVA) 12 months after surgery (i.e. fewer people's vision deteriorated with phakic lenses: OR 0.35, 95%  confidence interval [CI] 0.19 to 0.66; data from 216 eyes). BSCVA is a measure of how good a person’s sight is on a visual chart with the most appropriate spectacle prescription. For this research, deterioration in BSCVA was considered to be a loss of two or more lines on the visual chart. Phakic lenses were also associated with better contrast sensitivity than laser surgery, and better satisfaction on patient questionnaires. However, two patients developed cataracts after phakic IOL.   How did the researchers interpret the results? The reviewers conclude that phakic lenses are safer than eximer laser surgical correction for moderate to severe short-sightedness, and that phakic lenses are preferred by patients. The researchers say that although phakic lenses are usually considered only for short-sightedness above -7.0 diopters, they may also be considered preferable to laser for more moderate short-sightedness.   Conclusion This is a well-conducted Cochrane review, which carried out a thorough search for all suitable trials comparing laser eye surgery with phakic intraocular lenses for moderate to severe short-sightedness. Both techniques achieved the same success rate for the proportion of people who had 20/20 vision 12 months after surgery. People given phakic lenses were less likely to have a loss in their ‘best spectacle corrected visual acuity’ after treatment. However, on two occasions, cataracts developed after phakic lens surgery. The main drawback to this review is that there is limited research currently available, and the reviewers could only include three trials, treating 228 eyes. This reduces the statistical power for detecting accurate differences between the treatments, particularly when looking at secondary outcomes, such as rare adverse effects. The statistical power was then further reduced as not all of the trials reported on the same outcomes. The small numbers also mean that accurate comparisons cannot be carried out between the different populations (such as severity of short-sightedness, presence of astigmatism) or treatments (such as type of laser surgery or lens). As the researchers say, further RCTs are needed to detect differences between subgroups, and to determine the most suitable short-sightedness range for inserting phakic lenses. Follow-up of a larger range of people will also be needed to identify any rarer and potentially more serious adverse effects. Corrective eye surgery is already established as a treatment for myopia. This is a good review, but the question of which treatment is the safest and most effective will need to be answered in further, longer-term trials. Links To The Headlines Laser-free 'cure' for short sight.   The Independent , May 11 2010 Sewing lenses directly into the eye 'gives better results than laser surgery'.   The Daily Telegraph , May 11 2010 Links To Science Barsam A, Allan BDS. Excimer laser refractive surgery versus phakic intraocular lenses for the correction of moderate to high myopia . Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 5   (2 d ago)
• Overtime 'leads to heart risks' Overtime 'leads to heart risks'
05/12/2010
Working just three hours of overtime each day will raise the risk of heart disease by 60%, according to the Daily Mail. The news comes from a study that compared the working habits of 6,000 civil servants to their risk of heart disease over an 11-year period. Even after discounting for the influence of cardiovascular risk factors, such as smoking, there was still a 60% greater risk of developing heart disease among people who worked three to four hours of overtime each day. Working one or two extra hours did not seem to have any effect. There were some small problems with this research, including the possibility of chance findings due to the small number of people who developed heart disease in the high overtime group. However, this was a well-conducted study, and overall it suggests that working three to four hours of overtime every day may increase the risk of heart disease. It is not yet clear why this was the case, therefore further research will be needed to identify the mechanisms behind the relationship.   Where did the story come from? The study was carried out by researchers from the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, University College London, and other institutions in France and Turkey. It was funded by grants from various sources, including the Medical Research Council and British Heart Foundation. The study was published in the European Heart Journal, a  peer-reviewed medical journal. The news stories have generally reflected the findings of this research accurately.   What kind of research was this? This research was part of the Whitehall II Study, a large  cohort study on members of the civil service, which has provided data for numerous other pieces of medical research. The study has been ongoing for 25 years, but this particular part of the research followed participants for an average of 11 years to see how work characteristics related to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). To help maintain accuracy of results, a study of this type would need to ensure that people were free of CHD at the study’s start. It would also need to make appropriate adjustments for other confounding factors when assessing the relationship between working habits and cardiovascular events.   What did the research involve? The Whitehall II study commenced in 1985, recruiting British civil servants aged between 35 and 55. The study has conducted several follow-up phases: this new study is concerned with those participants who provided responses to questions on working hours between 1991 and 1994. After excluding those who did not work full-time, had not responded to the question on working hours, or already diagnosed with CHD, the study included 6,014 adults (4,262 men and 1,752 women) who were then aged 39–61 years. The participants were followed for an average of 11 further years, and were each given a clinical examination between 2002 and 2004. Assessment of work at baseline (1991-94) included the question “On an average weekday, approximately how many hours do you spend on work (during the daytime and work brought home)?” Responses on total working hours ranged from 1-12 hours. They were grouped into overtime categories of no overtime (7–8 hour normal working day); one hour of overtime every day (9 hour day); two hours (10 hour day); or three to four hours of overtime (11–12 hour day). Cases of CHD up to 2002-04 were assessed by flagging participants’ records in the NHS Central Registry, which would notify the researchers of any deaths and their causes. They also used the registry to identify non-fatal heart attacks, and clinical records to identify angina. In analysing the relationship between working hours and CHD, the researchers adjusted for a wide variety of social, demographic and work-related factors, such as job role, salary, absence due to sickness, medical factors, diet, exercise and sleep.   What were the basic results? Out of the 6,014 participants, 3,256 (54%) did not usually work overtime, 1,247 (21%) worked approximately one extra hour, 894 (15%) worked two extra hours, and 617 (10%) worked three or four extra hours a day. After an average of 11 years and 67,544 person-years of follow-up, there were a total 369 cases of fatal CHD, non-fatal heart attacks or definite angina. When adjusting for social and demographic characteristics, three to four hours of overtime per day increased the risk of any of these outcomes by 60% compared to employees who did no overtime (hazard ratio 1.60, 95%  confidence interval [CI] 1.15 to 2.23). The relationship remained significant after adjusting for 21 potential confounding risk factors , such as BMI, smoking and cholesterol (HR 1.56, 95%  confidence interval [CI] 1.11 to 2.19). Working less than one or two extra hours per day was not associated with increased risk.   How did the researchers interpret the results? The researchers concluded that working overtime is linked to an increased risk of developing coronary heart disease. This link was still evident even after discounting the effects of other known risk factors.   Conclusion This cohort study examining the association between overtime work and the development of heart disease has a number of strengths. It examined a large cohort of more than 6,000 people, it carried out regular follow-ups and collected extensive data on a wide range of medical, lifestyle and socio-demographic factors. Furthermore, this large range of data was taken into account when examining the relationship between heart disease and overtime. The methods of detecting new cases of CHD during follow-up also seem to be reliable. However, there are some points to note: The study only found a significant relationship between working three to four extra hours per day. Although the overall study had a large sample, there were only 51 people who worked this amount of overtime and developed CHD during follow-up. Using such a small number of individuals to calculate risk increases the likelihood of producing chance findings. There was no relationship between usually working one or two extra hours and CHD. This result seems at odds with the relationship seen in those working longer hours. Overtime was only assessed at one time point. Although the question asked the participants how many hours they spent working on a typical workday, the responses may not reflect a regular pattern for everyone. Also, overtime may constitute different things to different people. This could in turn lead to different perceptions of stress and workload. In particular, these results in the civil service population may not apply to other professions. Although the research adjusted for many confounders, there is the possibility that others have not been examined. Importantly, mental health diagnoses such as depression or anxiety were not examined. There is the possibility that people with existing CHD may have had their illness missed at the time of the baseline questionnaire, meaning they would have been incorrectly included in the study. Equally, new cases of CHD may have been missed during follow-up. On the basis of this study, it can only be concluded that working three to four hours of overtime everyday may increase the risk of heart disease. Further research is needed to identify how longer work hours affect the body in ways that increase the risk of coronary heart disease. Links To The Headlines Working overtime increases heart risk, a study finds . BBC News, May 12 2010 Too much overtime is bad for your health, says study . The Guardian , May 12 2010 Extra work weakens heart . The Independent , May 12 2010 Overtime 'raises heart risk by 60%': Fatal link to just three hours' extra work a day . Daily Mail , May 12 2010 Staying late in the office could cause heart attacks and early death, study shows . The Times , May 12 2010 Links To Science Virtanen M, Ferrie JE, Singh-Manoux et al. Overtime work and incident coronary heart disease: the Whitehall II prospective cohort study . European Heart Journal (2010) [First published online May 11 2010] Editorial: Overtime is bad for the heart (2 d ago)
msnbc.com: Diet and nutrition Tagline: Msnbc.com is a leader in breaking news and original journalism.
• Diet soda for preventing kidney stones? Diet soda for preventing kidney stones?
05/14/2010
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Certain diet sodas may have the potential to prevent the most common type of kidney stone, if new lab research is correct. (7 h ago)
• How a ‘Biggest Loser’ keeps losing How a ‘Biggest Loser’ keeps losing
05/14/2010
Former “Biggest Loser” contestant Shay Sorrells was the heaviest female to ever appear on the show. She dropped 172 pounds, has continued to lose weight and is expected to return to the season finale for a new reveal. But what happens after the cameras are gone? (10 h ago)
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05/13/2010
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• Are we getting TMI about the food we ord... Are we getting TMI about the food we order?
05/13/2010
More restaurants, either by mandate or by choice, are bombarding diners with calorie counts, salt content and, in one case, the carbon footprint of a meal. But some experts are wondering if all that information is simply confusing people. (1 d ago)
msnbc.com: Aging Tagline: Msnbc.com is a leader in breaking news and original journalism.
• Dementia can steal ability to discern fl... Dementia can steal ability to discern flavors
05/14/2010
People with dementia can lose their capacity to understand sights, sounds and words. And in some cases, the condition can also take away the meaning of flavors, a new study suggests. (3 h ago)
• Low vitamin D tied to depression in olde... Low vitamin D tied to depression in older people
05/12/2010
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Older men and women with lower levels of vitamin D in their blood are more prone to become depressed over time, new research shows. (2 d ago)
msnbc.com: Heart health Tagline: Msnbc.com is a leader in breaking news and original journalism.
• Folic acid doesn’t cut risk of stroke, s... Folic acid doesn’t cut risk of stroke, study finds
05/13/2010
Studies have linked low blood levels of a chemical lowered by folic acid to reduced rates of stroke.  However, folic acid supplements don't seem to prevent strokes, research shows. (1 d ago)
• Below-the-skin defibrillator restores he... Below-the-skin defibrillator restores heartbeat
05/12/2010
Threading electrodes under the skin along the breastbone may be safer, and just as effective, as implanting electrodes to shock a fluttering heart into beating normally, researchers said Wednesday. (2 d ago)
Straightfromthedoc Tagline: News and views, Straight from the Doc
• Working Overtime, Bad For Your Heart Working Overtime, Bad For Your Heart
05/14/2010
© irrezolutTell your boss that working overtime is bad for your heart. Such were the finding from a long-term study. The said long term study is the Whitehall II study -- a long-term health investigation of more than 10,000 London office workers who've been tracked since 1985. This particular study tracked the health of 6,014 of these men and women for an average of 11 years. According to the said study, rates of angina, nonfatal heart attacks and death from heart-related conditions was ... (16 h ago)
• Skin Cancer Awareness Month Tips Skin Cancer Awareness Month Tips
05/12/2010
It's the second week of Skin Cancer Awareness Month, La Roche-Posay wants to remind us that practicing safe sun this season is of utmost importance. Did you know that tanning beds are actually MORE harmful than regular UV rays? In fact, The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (part of the World Health Organization) made the recommendation to add tanning beds to the highest cancer risk category - "carcinogenic to humans" -- they based their decision after review of recent research published ... (2 d ago)
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msnbc.com: Health care Tagline: Msnbc.com is a leader in breaking news and original journalism.
• Hospice may no longer mean halting treat... Hospice may no longer mean halting treatment
05/14/2010
The new health law could lead to a major change in Medicare policy that allows patients to get aggressive treatment and hospice care simultaneously. (3 h ago)
• Don't like your diagnosis? Think about m... Don't like your diagnosis? Think about moving
05/12/2010
Doctors in some parts of the United States are more likely to tell Medicare patients they are sick than in other parts, researchers said in a finding that could explain regional differences in health spending. (2 d ago)
The Biotech Weblog Tagline: Biotech News made simple.
• Research Offers Natural Pain Relief Research Offers Natural Pain Relief
05/14/2010
Photo CreditGot pain? Many medical experts believe inflammation to be the cause of 80-90% of all disease. Inflammation, triggered as a response to damage to your body, manifests as heat, redness, swelling, and pain. Pain is the warning signal that something needs repair. Inflammation and pain are normal and necessary when we have an injury, such as a sprained ankle. However, chronic inflammation that lasts and lasts is not normal and is actually a disease. This type of inflammation is at the root of ... (19 h ago)
• Seen that? - Poloxamer 188: Potential Dr... Seen that? - Poloxamer 188: Potential Drug Against Muscular Dystrophy
05/13/2010
Poloxamer 188: Potential Drug Against Muscular Dystrophy The Biotech Weblog In patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the mutation in the gene responsible for the production of the dystrophin protein cause the progressive deterioration of skeletal, as well as cardiac muscles. ... (1 d ago)
msnbc.com: Skin & Beauty Tagline: Msnbc.com is a leader in breaking news and original journalism.
• 12 ways to wipe years off your face 12 ways to wipe years off your face
05/13/2010
The most effective ways to wipe years off your face and increase elastin, fight free radicals and fade dark spots. (1 d ago)
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• Seen that? - 10 Tips To Relieve Allergic... Seen that? - 10 Tips To Relieve Allergic Rhinitis or "Spring Fever"
05/13/2010
10 Tips To Relieve Allergic Rhinitis or "Spring Fever" Allergies Are you one of the thousands who sneeze, wheeze and suffer every spring? Here are 10 tips from the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology to help relieve soem of ... (1 d ago)
msnbc.com: Women's health Tagline: Msnbc.com is a leader in breaking news and original journalism.
• A mom’s voice is powerful medicine A mom’s voice is powerful medicine
05/12/2010
Next time you feel anxious and tense, like a knot of nerves, instead of scheduling a massage or some time in the sun, you might want to call your mom. Home - Family - Massage - Health - Shopping (2 d ago)